In this period the first great civilizations begins to develop and commerce flourishes. The production of instruments evolves to allow metallurgy (metals with lower melting temperature are used).
- Weaponry: Weapons with stone points, wooden lances, bows and clubs, white weapons with metal blades and construction of the first war machines.
- Communication: Use of verbal forms; smoke signals and first alphabets both ideograms and phonetic.
- Handcraft: Objects of daily use, made of stone, wood, animal skins, vines and other natural materials; production of pottery, amulets, jewels and funerary works, thanks to the exploitation of the newly available resources.
- Medicine: Use of some herbs and metal instruments; first examples of surgery.
- Social Organization: Clan, Oligarchy, Monarchy, Theocracy.
- Food Production: Agriculture and sheep-farming are now practiced in a structured way, fishing has new impetus, thanks to ships.
- Religion: Pantheism, Monotheism.
- Resources Exploitation: All that the intelligent race can exploit, among the things offered by nature (wood, fire, etc.) and construction of the first mines for the collection of the materials contained therein (stone quarries, mines of various precious and mundane metals, etc.).
- Transport: Animals are used both as mounts and to pull carts and the like; construction of ships increasingly suitable for sea-going navigation.
